基础篇 信息与计算系统 模块 1 计算与计算思维 ··································································· 3 1.1 计算工具的演变····················································································4 1.2 计算模型····························································································· 9 1.3 计算思维····························································································16 思维启发 ···································································································23 习题 1 ·······································································································24 模块 2 信息与社会 ······································································· 26 2.1 信息与信息技术·················································································· 27 2.2 信息素养····························································································33 2.3 信息安全····························································································35 思维启发 ···································································································39 习题 2 ·······································································································39 模块 3 数据的表示与处理 ······························································ 41 3.1 数制及其转换····················································································· 42 3.2 数据的存储与表示 ··············································································· 46 3.3 语音编码····························································································50 3.4 图像与视频编码·················································································· 52 思维启发 ···································································································56 习题 3 ·······································································································57 模块 4 计算机系统 ······································································· 59 4.1 集成电路与芯片·················································································· 60 4.2 计算机的工作原理 ··············································································· 63 4.3 计算机硬件系统·················································································· 67 4.4 计算机软件系统·················································································· 75 4.5 新一代国产计算系统············································································ 77 思维启发 ···································································································81 习题 4 ·······································································································82 模块 5 网络基础与信息检索 ··························································· 83 5.1 计算机网络基础·················································································· 84 5.2 Internet 技术 ······················································································· 93 5.3 信息检索····························································································98 思维启发 ································································································· 104 习题 5 ····································································································· 105 进阶篇 算法与数据管理 模块 6 程序设计基础 ···································································109 6.1 程序的构成要素和编码规范································································· 110 6.2 结构化程序设计·················································································121 6.3 函数与模块 ······················································································· 128 思维启发 ································································································· 134 习题 6 ····································································································· 135 模块 7 数据结构与算法 ································································137 7.1 算法基础·························································································· 138 7.2 常用的数据结构·················································································142 7.3 常用的算法 ······················································································· 154 思维启发 ································································································· 163 习题 7 ····································································································· 164 模块 8 软件开发与过程管理 ··························································166 8.1 软件开发过程的工程化······································································· 167 8.2 软件生命周期与软件过程模型······························································ 172 8.3 软件项目管理····················································································176 8.4 软件工具与开发环境···········································································182 思维启发 ································································································· 188 习题 8 ····································································································· 189 模块 9 数据库设计与管理 ································································· 191 9.1 数据库基础知识·················································································192 9.2 数据模型·························································································· 194 9.3 关系代数·························································································· 196 9.4 关系数据库设计方法···········································································198 思维启发 ································································································· 204 习题 9 ····································································································· 205 拓展篇 智联、智算与智用 模块 10 新一代通信技术与物联网 ··················································209 10.1 现代通信基础知识 ············································································ 210 10.2 5G 及其应用 ···················································································· 215 10.3 物联网概述 ····················································································· 220 10.4 物联网技术及其应用 ········································································· 224 思维启发 ································································································· 226 习题 10 ····································································································226 模块 11 云计算与大数据 ······························································ 228 11.1 云计算与大数据概述········································································· 229 11.2 大数据关键技术 ··············································································· 231 11.3 云计算的分类、服务与核心技术 ························································· 233 11.4 云计算与大数据应用········································································· 238 思维启发 ································································································· 241 习题 11 ····································································································241 模块 12 人工智能 ······································································· 243 12.1 人工智能简介 ·················································································· 244 12.2 人工智能核心技术 ············································································ 253 12.3 人工智能的应用领域 ········································································· 259 思维启发 ································································································· 264 习题 12 ····································································································265 模块 13 元宇宙相关技术 ······························································268 13.1 走进元宇宙 ····················································································· 269 13.2 虚拟现实 ·························································································273 13.3 增强现实 ·························································································282 13.4 区块链技术 ····················································································· 287 思维启发 ································································································· 292 习题 13 ····································································································293 参考文献 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